How both music and dance played a vital role in state craft and deeply influenced the Indo-European diplomatic relationship even though it is often overlooked by historians. From performances of the legendary corps of ‘Amazons’  acting as “gifts” to European visitors, to striking a coin in Moran’s name, music and dance played an intrinsic role in the Court.

Dr Radha Kapuria

Ranjit Singh’s kingdom has been studied primarily in political terms: for the remarkable authority it exercised over warring Sikh factions and for the strong challenge it posed to political rivals like the Marathas and the British. Research on cultural activity at the Lahore court has covered various aspects like painting, textiles, jewellery, etc., but the place of musicians and dancers has been generally overlooked. This is surprising because they are conspicuous in both the Persian chronicles produced at the Lahore court itself and in accounts of the numerous European travellers who frequently visited it. I demonstrate how Ranjit Singh was partial to musicians and dancers as a class, even marrying two Muslim courtesans in the face of stiff Sikh orthodoxy. I then especially focus on Ranjit’s famed corps of 'Amazons'—female dancers dressed as men, performing martial feats, the cynosure of all eyes, especially male European, and their significance in representing the martial glory of the Sikh state. Finally, I evaluate the curious cultural misunderstandings that arise when English ‘dancing’ encounters Indian ‘nautching’, revealing how gender was the primary axis around which Indian and European male statesmen alike expressed their views and power. Ubiquitous in the daily routine of Ranjit and the lavish entertainments set up for visitors, musicians and female performers lay at the interstices of the Indo-European encounter, and Anglo-Sikh interactions in particular.
You May also be interested in:

Meera Syal

Actor, comedian, writer, producer, playwright and national treasure Meera Syal in conversation with reporter and filmmaker Amandeep Kaur Bhangu.

Anita Anand

The remarkable story of Udham Singh who killed Sir Michael O’Dwyer to avenge the victims of the Amritsar massacre

Kavita Puri

BBC journalist Kavita Puri speak about the extraordinary testimonies she has collected of British South Asians, who broke their silence 70 years after partition, to reveal heart-breaking stories of loss, belonging and compassion.

Phillip Deslippe

The origins of Yogi Bhajan's yoga and the reorienting of his 3HO group towards Sikhism

See All Events